Canada at the Frontier: A Framework for Industrial Policy

April, 2026

The Government of Canada is now pursuing ambitious industrial strategies in multiple sectors in order to address national and geopolitical challenges with incredibly high stakes. The time for a renewed effort to understand, track, and inform Canadian industrial policy has never been better.

This report introduces a framework designed to bring analytical discipline to Canadian industrial policy. The framework distinguishes three facets of industrial policy: what governments do (activities), what they realize (measurable outcomes), and what they seek to achieve (long-term societal goals). It proposes that we use these three dimensions to analyze, develop, and systematically track industrial policy with the rigor that democratic structures demand.

About the Author

Bentley Allan, PhD

Vice President, Future Economy

Bentley Allan, PhD, is a Transition Pathway Principal and Vice President, Future Economy at the Transition Accelerator, as well as an Associate Professor of Political Science at Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Allan is an award-winning scholar who has written on the dynamics of international order, science and politics, climate policy, and the political economy of decarbonization. He provides regular advice to government and industry on geopolitics, industrial strategy, and policy.

He has co-lead the development of three sector strategies and roadmaps in collaboration with industry partners. He is the co-coordinator of the Centre for Net-Zero Industrial Policy which advances research and action to strengthen and mobilize Canada’s expertise in modern industrial policy, enabling strategic collaboration between government, industry, indigenous communities, labor, and financial institutions in pursuit of good jobs and a competitive economy.

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